The Toledo Science High School (Mataas na Paaralang Pang-Agham ng Toledo) is a Secondary Public Science High School system located in Ilihan Heights, Toledo City, Cebu, Philippines. It is a DepEd-recognized science high school. It was founded in 1996 in response to the department's call to focus in Math and Science Education. Originally, it started with 24 first year high school students and was annexed to Bato National High School which was the lead school in the Division of Toledo City during that time.
In the present time, the school is located in Barangay Ilihan which got its name from the word "ALIHAN" whose meaning is to barricade. During World War II, Filipino guerrillas have foxholes in this Barangay to prevent the Japanese from attacking Toledo City. There were also barricades made of stones which were also used as shields. The area is an ideal place to hide the natives from the Japanese invaders. Since the existence of the school in 1996, to the common "tao", the school has already reached the pinnacle of success as evidenced by its achievements in Division, Regional, and National Level Contests.